Raleigh, NC – (February 4, 2026) The NC Clean Energy Technology Center (NCCETC) released its 2025 annual review and Q4 2025 update edition of The 50 States of Electric Vehicles. The quarterly series provides insights on state regulatory and legislative discussions and actions on electric vehicles and charging infrastructure.

The report finds that a total of 40 states, plus DC and Puerto Rico, took actions related to electric vehicles and charging infrastructure during 2025 (see figure below). The greatest number of actions related to rebate programs, residential managed charging programs, commercial electric vehicle rate design, infrastructure planning, public charging station regulations, and grant programs.

 

2025 State and Utility Action on Electric Vehicles

 

 

The report highlights ten of the top electric vehicle trends of 2025:

• Revising the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Program;
• Improving residential access to managed charging;
• Imposing restrictions or pulling back on electric vehicle mandates;
• Developing programs for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles;
• Considering regulations addressing vehicle-grid integration;
• Integrating electric vehicles into virtual power plant programs;
• Continuing utility focus on incentives for privately-owned charging infrastructure;
• Expanding financial support for line extensions;
• Encouraging fleet electrification through targeted incentives and rates; and
• Implementing new rates for commercial electric vehicle charging.

“Throughout 2025, utilities and regulators paid significant attention to the commercial side of transportation electrification,” noted Emily Apadula, Policy Analyst at NCCETC. “Many utilities worked to implement new commercial rates for electric vehicles, while others encouraged fleet electrification through new incentives and beneficial rate design. Several of these programs also addressed zero-emission medium- and heavy-duty vehicles as their adoption continues to increase.”

A total of 314 electric vehicle actions were taken during 2025. The report notes that ten of the most active states in 2025 for electric vehicles were:

• Massachusetts, where regulators approved incentive and managed charging programs, while utilities filed new electric vehicle program plans;
• Maryland, where utilities proposed virtual power plant programs, and regulators approved new school bus programs and adopted vehicle-to-grid regulations;
• New Jersey, where policymakers released two statewide planning documents, utilities filed medium- and heavy-duty plans, and a state agency opened a new grant program for fleets;
• Oregon, where lawmakers implement a vehicle miles traveled fee and a motor carrier tax on electric vehicles, while regulators approved program revisions for two utilities;
• California, where lawmakers ordered local planning and established payment method requirements for public charging, while regulators developed rules for charger reliability;
• Connecticut, where lawmakers imposed a budgetary cap on incentives and regulators made revision to the state’s light-duty program and established a medium- and heavy-duty program;
• Minnesota, where legislators adopted fees for electric vehicles and public charging, regulators approved a new multifamily rebate, and a utility proposed a new managed charging program;
• Michigan, where regulators released a demand-side management study, while utilities filed transportation electrification plans and new incentive programs and rates;
• New York, where regulators implemented a new queue management protocol, began program mid-point reviews, and approved changes to various utility programs; and
• Illinois, where lawmakers passed a landmark bill making various changes to electric vehicle planning and policies, as regulators approved new utility programs.

“States and utilities continued developing innovative ways to integrate electric vehicles into the grid in ways that benefit both vehicle owners and the system as a whole,” observed Brian Lips, Senior Policy Project Manager at NCCETC. “Options grew for electric vehicles to participate in managed charging, bring-your-own device, and virtual power plant programs, as regulators also develop rules for vehicle-grid integration.”

In Q4 2025, 34 states took some type of action on electric vehicles and charging infrastructure. A total of 159 actions were tracked in Q4 2025.

View the 50 States of Electric Vehicles 2025 Annual Review and Q4 Quarterly Report Executive Summary

View and Purchase the 50 States of Electric Vehicles Q4 2025 Quarterly Report

View other 50 States Reports – Solar, Grid Modernization,  Electric Vehicles and Power Decarbonization

 

ABOUT THE NC CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CENTER

The NC Clean Energy Technology Center, as part of the College of Engineering at North Carolina State University, advances a sustainable energy economy by educating, demonstrating and providing support for clean energy technologies, practices and policies. It serves as a resource for innovative, sustainable energy technologies through technology demonstration, technical assistance, outreach and training. For more information about the  Center, visit: http://www.nccleantech.ncsu.edu.  X (Formerly Twitter): @NCCleanTech   l   LinkedIn

Media Contact: Shannon Helm, NCCETC, shannon_helm@ncsu.edu